The energy audit process begins with a brief but important consultation between the energy advisor and the homeowner. During this initial conversation, the advisor will ask questions to better understand any current concerns, comfort issues, or high energy bills the homeowner may be experiencing. This step helps to tailor the audit to the specific needs of the household.
After the consultation, the energy advisor will begin conducting a comprehensive diagnostic assessment of the home. This includes measuring the home’s overall energy load, identifying the boundaries of the thermal envelope, testing the performance of the furnace and other combustion appliances, evaluating existing insulation levels, and assessing the air tightness of the home. A variety of advanced tools and techniques are used throughout this process to ensure accurate and thorough results. A few of the primary tests used during the audit are described below.
Thermal Imaging
Thermal imaging is used to detect temperature differences within the structure of the home. This technology is especially useful for pinpointing areas with insufficient insulation, even in places that are not easily accessible, such as inside walls or behind ceilings. By identifying cold or hot spots, the camera can reveal air leaks, gaps in insulation, or even signs of moisture intrusion and potential water damage.
Blower Door Test
Another critical test is the blower door test, which uses a powerful fan mounted in an exterior door frame to depressurize the house. This controlled pressure change allows the advisor to detect where air may be leaking in or out of the home. Identifying these leaks helps determine how well-sealed and ventilated the house is, and whether the heated or cooled air is escaping unnecessarily, which can significantly affect energy efficiency and comfort levels.
Insulation
The advisor also assesses the amount and quality of insulation in various parts of the home, including the walls, attic, basement, and crawlspaces. Poor or outdated insulation is one of the primary reasons for excessive heating and cooling costs, especially in older homes that were built before modern energy standards. Inadequate insulation allows heat to escape during the winter and enter during the summer, making it more difficult and expensive to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature. During the audit, the advisor may also look for signs of insulation that has settled, become compacted, or been damaged by pests or moisture—all of which can compromise its effectiveness. Recommendations may include adding or replacing insulation in key areas to improve energy efficiency and reduce utility costs year-round.
Heating & Cooling Systems
The heating and cooling systems are thoroughly inspected for both safety and efficiency. The advisor will measure the levels of carbon monoxide and other combustible gases to ensure the systems are operating safely and not releasing harmful substances into the living space. If desired, indoor air quality tests can also be performed to check for the presence of radon, mold spores, or other allergens that may affect the health of the occupants. Additionally, the age, condition, and maintenance history of HVAC units are considered to determine whether repair, upgrade, or replacement might be recommended. Even small inefficiencies in these systems can have a large impact on energy use, especially during peak heating and cooling seasons.
Relative Humidity Levels
A hygrometer may be used to measure the relative humidity levels within the home. Maintaining appropriate humidity levels is important not just for comfort, but also to prevent conditions that promote the growth of mold and mildew. If windows have condensation or if there’s a persistent feeling of dampness in the air, a hygrometer can help identify whether moisture problems are to blame.
Pressure Pan Testing
Pressure pan testing is another method used during the audit to evaluate the integrity of the ductwork. This test helps determine whether air is leaking from ducts as it travels through unconditioned areas like attics or crawlspaces, where energy can be wasted and comfort can be compromised. Leaky ducts can cause rooms to be unevenly heated or cooled and lead to unnecessarily high utility bills. In many cases, sealing or insulating ductwork can significantly improve overall system performance and reduce energy loss.
TREAT Analysis
Once all of the necessary tests have been completed, the data is compiled and analyzed using a software program called TREAT. This simulation software models the energy performance of the home and provides a detailed picture of where inefficiencies exist. From there, the energy advisor can make informed recommendations about improvements that can reduce energy use, lower utility bills, and increase the overall comfort and safety of the home.
Ready to Make Your Home More Comfortable and Efficient?
An energy audit is the first step toward a healthier, safer, and more cost-effective living space. Whether you’re dealing with drafty rooms, high energy bills, or an aging HVAC system, our comprehensive audit can help uncover the root causes and guide you toward smart solutions. Contact us today to schedule your energy audit and start your journey to a more energy-efficient home!